Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
497,190 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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Hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS), which is involved in the heme biosynthesis pathway, has a dipyrromethane cofactor and combines four porphobilinogen (PBG) molecules to form a linear tetrapyrrole, hydroxymethylbilane. Enzyme kinetic study of human HMBS using a PBG-derivative, 2-iodoporphobilinogen (2-I-PBG), exhibited noncompetitive inhibition with the inhibition constant being 5.4 ± 0.3 µM. To el
MendezMclaughlin9597
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In today’s ever-growing modern world, understanding the intricacies of keyword is more vital than ever. has garnered considerable attention and plays a pivotal role in various domains. This article aims to demystify the keyword and its relevance in contemporary society.
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WaughCummings0366
XL184
BACKGROUND Persistent left superior vena cava is a not uncommon congenital vascular abnormality. We report a case of heart transplantation with reconstruction of persistent left superior vena cava using a prosthetic vascular graft. CASE PRESENTATION A 20-year-old man with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and persistent left superior vena cava underwent orthotopic heart transplantation 2 years and 3 months after left ventricula
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Survival analysis using PROGgeneV2 showed that CDC20, CCNA2, DLGAP5, RRM2, and TPX2 are prognosis-related key genes in HER2+ breast cancer. A nomogram showed that high expression of RRM2, DLGAP5, and TPX2 was positively associated with the risk of death. TPX2, which has not previously been reported in HER2+ breast cancer, was associated with breast cancer development, progression, and prognosis and is therefore a po
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The sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of bacteriophages infecting mycobacteria has yielded a large amount of information on their evolution, including that on their environmental propagation on other genera such as Gordonia, closely related to Mycobacterium. However, little is known on mycobacteriophages cell biology such as the nature of their receptor(s) or their replication cycle. As part of our on-goi
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57% is obtained, rivaling Li-TFSI/t-BP doped Spiro-OMeTAD in PCE (20.29%), and showing obvious superior long-term stability.The thermal expansion properties of crystalline organic compounds are investigated by data mining of the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD). The mean volumetric thermal expansion coefficient is 168.8 × 10-6 K-1 and the mean uniaxial thermal expansion coefficient is
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Accumulating evidence suggests that schizophrenia is a disorder of the brain’s communication, a result of functional and structural dysconnectivities. Patients with schizophrenia exhibit irregular neuronal circuit and network activity, but the causes and consequences of such activity remain largely unknown. Inhibition of 14-3-3 proteins in the mouse brain leads to the expression of multiple schizophrenia endophenotyp
DorseySawyer2693
FX11 in vitro
Conclusion Plasma copeptin levels are elevated in children with PAH-CHD and found to be a good predictive marker for the severity of PAH and poor prognosis in these children. What is Known •PH is a life-threatening condition that can lead to right ventricular failure and death. •We need a non-invasive easy biomarker that can identify PH children with unfavorable prognosis who needed further intervention. What is New •It
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Transportation safety is highly correlated with driving behavior, especially human error playing a key role in a large portion of crashes. Modern instrumentation and computational resources allow for the monitorization of driver, vehicle, and roadway/environment to extract leading indicators of crashes from multi-dimensional data streams. To quantify variations that are beyond normal in driver behavior and vehicle k
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The 20ft Tunnel Container – A Versatile Option For Shipping and Storage
The 20ft Tunnel Container is a versatile storage and shipping container. This model comes with an additional foot of height when contrasted with standard container sizes and double doors at both ends. This design improves accessibility an
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A mental health assessment is a vital tool to help people assess their mental health. Professionals utilize a variety of tools to help with this that include self-reports and standard tools.
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Bulevirtide
Ingestion of deoxynivalenol (DON), one of the most common mycotoxin contaminants of cereals, leads to adverse effects for animal and human health. Bacterial biotransformation is a strategy to mitigate the toxicity of this mycotoxin. The present study aims to evaluate the toxicity of two bacterial biotranformation products of DON 3-epi-deoxynivalenol (3-epi-DON) and de-epoxy-deoxynivalenol (DOM-1) through
JohanssonDamsgaard2065
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Road crossing photo traffic authority is a powerful tool that communities can release at intersections in high-risk areas to improve safety for everybody. To use photo enforcement, a crossway must have a stop line or crosswalk and be located in a highway work zone, school crossing zone or hi
OdonnellRode3662
NSC639966
Background NAFLD is tightly associated with various diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and cancer. Previous studies had investigated the association between NAFLD and various extrahepatic cancers, but the available data to date is not conclusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between NAFLD and various extrahepatic cancers comprehensively. Methods Searches were
GustafsonAlvarado5564
VU0463271
Biannual ultrasound has poor sensitivity for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening. MRI is accurate for the detection of HCC, but a complete MRI is not feasible as a screening tool. Abbreviated MRI (AMRI) is an acceptable alternative. The diagnostic performance of different AMRI protocols is not known. We performed a systematic review to determine the diagnostic accuracy of AMRI for HCC screening.
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Tunnel containers are also known as double-door shipping containers. They have cargo doors on both sides. This makes them perfect for oversized items.
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It discusses how nutritional interventions could potentially dampen NLRP3 associated inflammatory burden, as part of nutritional strategies to prevent and treat CKD and its complications.As the major biologically active constituents in Ganoderma species, Ganoderma triterpenoids (GTs) also showed potential anti-obesity effect in recent reports. To further elucidate the anti-obesity effect of GTs, four new compounds
StevensCormier6269
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Liver and gastrointestinal diseases are frequent in women with Turner syndrome. However, their association with bleeding disorders, anaemia and the impact of hormone replacement therapy is unknown.
To investigate the risk of liver and gastrointestinal diseases, haemorrhage and anaemia in women with Turner syndrome compared with the female background population, and the long-term imp
TrevinoWichmann8182
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agreement no. 602030. There are no competing interests.
n/a.
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What is willingness, preference and decision-making about planning for the possibility of needing multiple cycles of IVF/ICSI treatment among patients consulting for a first or repeat stimulated IVF/ICSI cycle?
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Chondroblastoma represents a rare pathology. Therapeutically an aggressive intralesional curettage with use of hydrogen peroxide as adjuvant and filling up the defect with bone substitute leads to low recurrence rates.[This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.mmcr.2018.09.007.][Th
ShoemakerPoe7782
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Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathways in adult colorectal surgery are known to reduce complications, readmissions, and length of stay (LOS). However, there is a paucity of ERAS data for pediatric colorectal surgery.
A 2014-2018 single-institution, retrospective cohort study was performed on pediatric colorectal surgery patients (2-18 years) pre- and post
McKayBoel3512
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Based on the results that show a significant correlation between the frequency of information search and the lack of trust in the search results, we discuss the importance of digital and e-Health literacy, primarily within medical professionals.This study merges multiple COVID-19 data sources from news articles and social media to propose an integrated infodemic surveillance system (IISS) that implements infodemiology
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Project management is a pivotal element in ensuring achieving project objectives. Whether you are a seasoned project manager, understanding the fundamentals can help you excel.
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what is mental health assessment
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A person may seek treatment by a psychiatrist for mental health for a variety of reasons. Based on the nature of the illness, treatment may involve therapy and/or medication.
Patients seeking psychiatric help can be self-referred, or by a primary care physician. They may also be s
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This report highlights a unique case of stroke-related to COVID-19 infection in a middle-aged woman with otherwise mild symptomatic illness. The patient had a chronic ischemic stroke with delayed presentation two months after the initial symptomatic viral infection. This case underscores the importance of neurological assessment as well as timely evaluation of patients presenting with COVID-19 and
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Adverse Childhood Experiences are associated with worse outcomes in delinquency and substance use.
Current research is overwhelmingly from Western perspectives, leaving a gap in non-Western, low crime-rate jurisdictions. Moreover, there exists a gap in characterizing the effect of ACE frequency on delinquency. We extend existing research
CantrellWinkler1816
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Current radiotherapy planning procedures are generally designed based on anatomical information only and use computed tomography (CT) images that do not incorporate organ-functional information. In this study, we developed a method for estimating liver elasticity using the finite element method (FEM) and four-dimensional CT (4DCT) images acquired during radiotherapy planning, and we subsequently evaluated its feasibilit
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A trend toward significant difference in feeding tube dependency at 6-months was observed. Differences in feeding tube placement and dependency rates could be addressed by the establishment of on-site supportive services in satellite sites.Fat-suppressed T1-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRIs) enhanced with gadolinium can evaluate the internal vertebral venous plexus and cauda equina. This study compared suc
MccartyRiis6260
CQ31
Even though the insolubilization of tannins in PP during ensiling reduced its inhibitory effect on ruminal fermentability, the ensiling PP seemed to remain the ability to mitigate methanogenesis in the rumen.
This paper presents an analysis of 32 narratives written by patients waiting for assessment at a transgender health clinic (THC) in England. Narratives are autobiographical free texts, designed to allow p
ReynoldsNikolajsen8528
PARP inhibitor drugs
Cooperative binding is a key feature of metabolic pathways, signaling, and transport processes. It provides tight regulation over a narrow concentration interval of a ligand, thus enabling switching to be triggered by small concentration variations. The data presented in this work reveal strong positive cooperativity of α-synuclein binding to phospholipid membranes. Fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy, confocal mic
RinggaardGalloway0208
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Climate change has become one of the urgent issues of our era. Understanding its impact on the environment is crucial for developing plans to combat it. This article explores how global warming affects various ecosystems and what we can do to protect our natural world.
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The current study reported the impact of HGT supplementation on endogenous metabolite profiles, and highlights the positive roles of HGT in preventing diet-induced obesity and the related metabolic disorders.
Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) has been increasingly used for adult cardiac arrest (CA) patients refractory to conventional CPR. However, data on early prog
StenderWashington5473
Selleckchem Elsubrutinib
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Although it has been repeatedly claimed that HCQ has a longstanding safety track record for many decades in use, we present counterarguments for this contention due to disease-drug and drug-drug interactions. We discuss the molecular mechanisms and the cumulative epidemiological evidence of HCQ cardiac toxicity.COVID-19, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, is an abbreviated name for coronavirus disease
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iota depletion and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was performed to confirm this gut microbiota-dependent mechanism. Conclusions PTL ameliorated colon inflammation in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. The underlying protective mechanism was associated with the improved Treg/Th17 balance in intestinal mucosa mediated through the increased microbiota-derived SCFAs production. Colle
OhlsenMccormick1580
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In case of connective tissue dysplasia in the early postnatal period of ontogene
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X chromosome inactivation (XCI), determined during development, remains stable after embryonic cell divisions. However, primordial germ cells (PGCs) are exceptions in that XCI is reprogrammed and inactivated X chromosomes are reactivated. Although interactions between PGCs and somatic cells are thought to be important for PGC development, little is known about them. Here, we performed imaging of X chrom
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Science changes in waves, the so-called paradigm shifts or scientific revolutions. This concept was prominently elaborated by Thomas S. Kuhn more than 50 years ago in what remains one of the most cited science philosophy books of all time. Kuhn described how “normal science” experiences anomalies, which bring it to crisis and revolution from which a new, immature scientific paradigm results, which over time becomes the new
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Rho GTPases such as Rho, Rac, and Cdc42 are important regulators of the cortical cytoskeleton in processes including cell division, locomotion, and repair. In these processes, Rho GTPases assume characteristic patterns wherein the active GTPases occupy mutually exclusive “zones” in the cell cortex. During cell wound repair, for example, a Rho zone encircles the wound edge and is in turn encircled by a Cdc42 zone. Her
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