Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
440,306 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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Forty young crossbred bulls (10 ± 2.2 months of age; 219 ± 11.7 kg) were finished in a feedlot with one of five different treatments CON, control (no essential oil); CLO450, clove essential oil (450 mg/kg); CLO880, clove essential oil (880 mg/kg); CIN450; cinnamon essential oil (450 mg/kg); and CIN880, cinnamon essential oil (880 mg/kg). Instrumental meat quality attributes and consumer acceptability aspects (visu
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Since the arrival of the novel coronavirus, recommendations for public masking have emerged to decrease infection rates. For a variety of reasons, tolerating wearing a mask is challenging for many individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs). Therefore, we evaluated behavioral strategies to promote compliance with wearing a mask with six hospitalized individuals diagnose
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Results The odds of meeting one of the operational thresholds for relapse after antipsychotic discontinuation were not statistically significantly increased in the subjects who were unstable on the PANSS total or on one of the five PANSS Marder factors before antipsychotic discontinuation. Further, the severity of PANSS total and Marder factor scores at screening and baseline were not statistically significa
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In today’s fast-paced world, the idea of mindful lifestyle is experiencing notable popularity. As we balance various responsibilities and face daily stresses, there’s a pressing demand to halt and assess our choices. living advocates alertness and intentionality in our actions, emphasizing the value of being engaged in the now.
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There were significantly increased CART-immunoreactive cells, and percent fluorescent area of CART-immunoreactivity was significantly increased in all mapped hypothalamic areas, except the SCN, PVN, AN, and DMN in photostimulated PMB and MB states, as compared to the non-stimulated NMB state. In particular, CART was richly expressed in the medial preoptic nucleus, LHN, IH and IN during MB state in which buntings showe
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Eleven different types of chlorophyll mutants were identified in the M2 generation. Xantha is the most occurred chlorophyll mutants (44.44%), while aurea and yellow viridis have least occurred mutants. Chemical mutagen (EMS) is considered to be the most effective (6.47%) and efficient mutagen (27.09%) based on the chlorophyll mutants and it was followed by an electron beam and gamma rays. Among the physical mutagens, electron beam showed th
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ct, and HD markers had larger effects than nearby 80K markers for many breed-trait combinations. Previous studies selected and included markers with large effects for Holstein traits; the newly selected HD markers should also improve non-Holstein and crossbred genomic predictions and were added to official US genomic predictions in April 2020.The objective was to study the interaction effects of
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When IL2RG-targeting gRNA no. 2 was used with GHR-targeting gRNAs no. 1 or no. 2, a significantly higher double biallelic mutation rate was observed than with IL2RG-targeting gRNA no. 3. In conclusion, we demonstrate the feasibility of using electroporation to transfer multiple gRNAs and Cas9 into porcine zygotes, enabling the double biallelic mutation of multiple genes with favorable embryo survival.Am
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A viscous solution of low molecular weight chitosan (CH) at 5% w/v (10.2 kDa, 75 % deacetylated, 1451 cP at 25 °C) was associated with a microemulsion (ME) that undergoes a phase transition after water absorption in situ (≈28 % w/w), forming a more viscous liquid crystal, which was potentially evaluated as a topical vehicle. The ME was selected from a phase diagram, selecting a composition based on Tween® 80
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BACKGROUND The importance of teaching the skills and practice of evidence-based medicine (EBM) for medical professionals has steadily grown in recent years. Alongside this growth is a need to evaluate the effectiveness of EBM curriculum as assessed by competency in the five ‘A’s’ asking, acquiring, appraising, applying and assessing (impact and performance). EBM educators in medical education will benefit from a compe
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Research over the last 20 years has achieved partial success in understanding the intricacies of heat stress impacts on oxidative stress and immune responses and developing interventions to ameliorate impacts of heat stress, improving immune responses and farm animal health. This paper reviews the body of knowledge on heat stress impacts on immune response in farm animals. The impacts of heat stress on both cell-m
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Conclusion mRNA processing and several biological terms including hypoxia and oxidative stress, apoptosis, regulation of cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization, and differentiation of micro tubes were introduced as dysregulated terms under HFM condition. ©2019 RIGLD.Aim This study aimed to screen the common genes between celiac disease (CD) and type 1 diabetes mellitus to find critical ones. Background
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In the world of art, painting techniques hold great relevance for beginner and experienced painters alike. Understanding and mastering diverse painting techniques can boost your artistic output and bring an fresh dimension to your work. will delve into important artistic strategies that every artist should know.
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The body composition and physical fitness of members of the army is always a relevant topic for research, since the level of defense and security of people and material goods in a specific territory in many ways depends on the level of ability of the army. However, members of the armed forces are a heterogeneous group, typified by different abilities, characteristics, but also everyday needs, and the trend of changing b
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In an constantly interconnected world, effective communication is an essential skill that impacts various aspects of life. Whether you’re leading a team at work, the ability to articulate yourself clearly can decide the outcome of your endeavors. In this article, we’ll dive into actionable tips to polish your communication skills and ex
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In today’s fast-paced world, efficient time management is crucial for achieving success both in personal life and professionally. With numerous responsibilities on our schedule, mastering the art of managing your hours can lead to improved productivity, less stress, and a better balance between work and life.
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Excessive alcohol use is a leading cause of preventable death in the United States (1) and costs associated with it, such as those from losses in workplace productivity, health care expenditures, and criminal justice, were $249 billion in 2010 (2). CDC used the Alcohol-Related Disease Impact (ARDI) application* to estimate national and state average annual alcohol-attributable deaths and years of potential life lost (Y
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Color-changeable chewing gum is used for the evaluation of masticatory performance. However, it is currently unclear whether colorimetric and visual assessment methods yield consistent results. This study aimed to clarify the consistency between colorimetric and visual methods used for the evaluation of color changes in color-changeable chewing gum.
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