Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
440,512 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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Further validation by specific shRNA demonstrated the role of angiopoietin-like 4 protein in drug-selected subpopulation associated with enhanced drug-resistance, sphere formation, reduced kinase activation, in vitro tube-forming ability correlated with heparan-sulfate proteoglycans. Our finding would be applicable to explore the mechanism of melanoma stemness and use angiopoietin-lik
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A catalyst-free tandem 1,5-hydride shift/cyclization process to form spiro [benzoquinolizidine-chromanones] is developed, which features high atom- and step-economy, high levels of stereocontrol, mild conditions, and a simple workup process. A series of new polycyclic spiro [benzoquinolizidine-chromanones] were obtained in high yields with excellent diastereoselectivities (up to 91% yield, >20 1 dr).Numerous studies have
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This study aimed to investigate nuchal ligament (NL) autograft on experimental tendon defect healing in donkeys. Eight healthy donkeys were used. The left forelimb’s superficial digital flexor (SDF) tendon was assigned as treatment, and the right forelimb was allocated as the control group (without surgical intervention). A 3×1.5 cm segment of the funicular part of the NL was excised. A full thic
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I also describe an overview of the challenges encountered in investigating underlying synaptic mechanisms and highlight recent technical approaches that may overcome these difficulties and provide new insights into synaptic mechanisms for cortical processing involving long-range connectivity (174/200).Coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of Q fever. Q fever is a zoonotic disease seen mostly in people who work with
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PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the evaluation of clinical outcomes and consequences of complications after cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for the peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) from colorectal cancer. METHODS A total 26 patients underwent CRS and HIPEC for PC from colorectal cancer between March 2009 and April 2018. All the patients underwent CRS with the purpos
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[This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.bjae.2020.04.005.].[This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.bjae.2020.07.004.].[This corrects the article DOI 10.1016/j.bjae.2019.06.003.].The complete chloroplast genome of Sibbaldia aphanopetala reported herein was a circular DNA molecule of 153,491 bp in length. The genome had a typical quadripartite structure, consisting of a pair of inverted repeats (IRa and IRb 25,611 bp) sep
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Tinnitus, acute or chronic, is one of the most common and refractory disorders. Acute tinnitus is a symptom that is a warning sign when compared with chronic tinnitus. Although hearing loss initiates acute tinnitus, the relationship between hearing loss and tinnitus is far from straightforward. Other factors beyond the auditory system may play important roles in the occurrence of acute tinnitus. To address this issue
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Our results underline a relevant role of miR-193a, both -3p and -5p, as tumor suppressors clarifying the intracellular mechanisms involved and suggesting that their ectopic over-expression could represent a novel treatment for cutaneous melanoma patients.
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For μ less then μ* and high Lnp, the NPs also self-assemble into chains, while being tilted with respect to the tubule’s axis.In this work, we obtain detailed mechanistic and structural information on bimolecular chemical reactions occurring in solution on the second to millisecond time scales through the combination of a statistical, multivariate and theoretical analysis of time-resolved coupled X-ray Absorption
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