Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
509,856 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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In Canada, exports are “zero-rated” sales for G.S.T. purposes. This means that when you ship a product to someone outside Canada, you don’t charge G.S.T. Yet, you get to claim (or deduct from the G.S.T. collected by you) all the “input tax credits” (G.S.T. that you paid for business purposes) to make that export. The idea, I suppose, is to encourage exporting.
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This study analyses broadcasted advertising spots during the COVID-19 isolation period in Spain. It aims to identify the narrative communicative resources and messages spread by companies/brands under the background of a global pandemic, where a common pattern highlighting the social function of brands is supposed, specifically regarding stress and resilience. We propose a mixed method based on the combination of qualit
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IntroductionIn today’s quickly changing environment, understanding the significance of keyword is crucial. Be it in education, technology, or living, keywords provide insight into different areas. By interpreting this keyword, individuals can appreciate its uses.
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The evaluator will ask whether your symptoms have significantly impacted your daily life at home,
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07 kGy on flax seeds. E. faecium NCCB 86023 exhibited three times higher tolerance on pumpkin seeds (3.07 kGy) and two times higher on flax seeds (2.22 kGy), compared to the Salmonella cocktail. Hence, the apathogenic E. coli DSM 18039 was suggested to serve as surrogate for Salmonella in industrial validation trials. As on both seeds E. faecium NCCB 86023 showed higher tolerance against electron beam than the
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In a rapidly evolving environment, digital marketing is now an critical tool for companies of all sizes. of marketing allows companies to connect with potential customers around the world, encouraging development and boosting brand visibility.
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81 ± 3.15 % (p = 0.93) and a correlation (R²) of 0.96. We obtained an average error of 4.07 ± 3.01% (p = 0.57) in estimating the ICV of the patients from 3D photography using the regression model. Conclusion 3D photography with image analysis provides measurement of ICV with clinically acceptable accuracy, thus offering a non-invasive, precise and reproducible method to evaluate normal and abnormal brain development in y
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How to Get an EU Driving License in the Czech Republic: A Comprehensive Guide
Acquiring an EU driving license in the Czech Republic can be an uncomplicated procedure if you understand the requirements, follow the appropriate procedures, and guarantee compliance with the country’s legal regulations. Whe
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gely dependent on the similarity between the components of the individual models and that the estimation of the Fmax of a component is probably less affected by data diversity compared to the estimation of its spectral position.Trusted methods for identifying different Multiple Myeloma (MM) cells and their biological diversity due to their immunophenotypic variety are often little detailed and difficult to fi
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n the traditional protocol. Results were robust with thresholds occurring outside published ranges. Bariatric surgery is a viable, cost-effective preoperative strategy in obese patients considering elective PLDF for DS.Level of Evidence 3.
Cross-sectional study.
To analyze the feasibility of anterior spinal access to the vascular corridor at the L5-S1 junction,
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When it comes to designing or renovating any property, be it domestic or commercial, windows and doors play a vital role in both functionality and visual appeal. They are not just mere entry and exit points or ventilation tools; they co
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Significantly higher global warming potential (0.58 ± 0.15 g CO2-eq m-2 d-1) was found in the reclaimed creeks, making them hotspot of greenhouse effects, compared to the natural tidal creeks. Our results indicated that changes in flow velocity, salinity, Chlorophyll a, and pH were the main factors controlling the dissolved carbon and nitrogen and consequent GHG emissions, due to reclamation. This study i
HolmbergGrimes3714
Dulaglutide clinical trial
Participants in the fourth quartile, reflecting the highest sustainable dietary patterns, exhibited a significant decrease in risk of cancers or cardiovascular diseases (HRQ4 vs. Q1 = 0.61 (95% CI 0.47-0.80), P-trend = 0.0002). More specifically, this association was observed for cancers in the fully adjusted model but was not statistically significant for cardiovascular diseases. Although these result
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Obtaining a driving license in the European Union is a substantial milestone, enabling individuals to legally drive across member states and beyond. With rigid regulations and standardized requirements to promote roadway security, it is important to engage
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Teprotumumab, an IGF-1 receptor antibody, was effective in treating GO patients in a phase III trial and should soon be awarded approval for Europe.
The current therapy concept for Graves’ orbitopathy is as follows first anti-inflammatory therapy then surgical correction of the permanent defects. This may soon be modified, due to the use of targeted thera
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BAY613606
Per and Polyfluoroalkyl substances are associated with markers of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Increased exposure leads to increase in serum concentration of these markers meaning these chemicals are associated with both chronic inflammation and oxidative stress.
Seizures and seizure-like electroencephalography (EEG) patterns, collectively referred to as “ictal interictal injury conti
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Even though the term hepatocellular carcinoma designates the most common type of primary liver cancer, the disease has a high level of heterogeneity due to its etiology, geographic variation, behavior, and association with specific genetic alterations. The aim of the present study was to establish, through a cluster analysis, the clinical characteristics that enable homogeneous conglomerates to be defined.
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Has plasma tv’s therapy been unsuccessful inside Covid-19 or even we’ve been unsuccessful in using this correctly within India?-Lessons learned over the widespread.
Further studies are needed to objectify the role of these protective devices in the genesis of MSDs and to offer specific ergonomic solutions for healthcare workers.Background To provide a better quality of death for patients at the end
IveySecher6051
HPPE in vitro
To evaluate the awareness of the use of fluoroscopy in endourological procedures, as well as the theoretical and practical applications of preventive measures.
Between May 2018 and April 2019, a 26-question survey prepared using Google Docs was sent to urologists via email. Personal information, radiation training and behaviours related to radiation and fluoroscopy usage, and the u
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Background Hemoptysis is an alarming and common symptom leading to thorough diagnostic evaluation with computed tomography and fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Increasing evidence suggests that bronchoscopy is not necessary in diagnosing lung cancer in hemoptysis patients because of high sensitivity of computed tomography. However, less attention has been paid to non-malignant etiologies of hemoptysis. Objective We aimed to identify
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Studies that report the detection of P. vivax early recurrences using light microscopy may severely underestimate their true incidence.Small areas refer to small geographic areas, a more literal meaning of the phrase, as well as small domains (e.g., small sub-populations), a more figurative meaning of the phrase. With post-stratification, even with big data, either case can encounter the problem of smal
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Different types of tags related to the medical image, prerequisites of medical data tagging, different techniques to develop medical image tags, different medical image tagging algorithms and different tools that are used to create the tags are discussed in this paper. The aim of this state-of-art paper is to produce a summary and a set of guidelines for using the tags for the identification of medical images and to iden
KochPeacock0284
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Ecotoxicological data were collected from open literature to predict the no-effect concentration (PNEC). The ecological risk assessment was characterized using a risk quotient (RQ = PEC/PNEC) based in two assessment tiers. Results revealed that 12 active ingredients showed a high risk (RQ ≥ 1), thus indicating that adverse effects could occur and further investigation with measured concentrations in the fi
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About 2.07 fungal species were able to grow in at least one azole, ranging from one (44% samples) to five (6% samples) species in each azole. Mycotoxins were detected in mops and electrostatic dust cloths. Colonization by S. aureus in the firefighter crew was observed with a high associated prevalence, namely 48%, with a 24% prevalence of MSSA (8/33) and 21% of MRSA (7/33)
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If S. marcescens is isolated, more aggressive treatment may be warranted. More cases of subacute necrotizing fasciitis and S. marcescens need to be reported in the literature to better understand early diagnosis and best management practices.BACKGROUND Microneedling is a relatively safe therapeutic procedure used to treat many dermatological conditions, including acne vulgaris, alopecia, melasma and other pigmentary
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All data relate to the results of in vitro and in vivo studies on the osteoimmunological system of humans, mice and rats.
Treatments for osteoporosis can be classified into two categories. They either target osteoclastogenesis inhibition (denosumab, bisphosphonates), or they aim to restore the number and function of osteoblasts (romozumab,
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The high nature conservation value of floodplain ecosystems is severely threatened by invasive alien species. Besides adversely affecting native biodiversity, these species also pose a major threat from a wider socio-ecological perspective (e.g. ‘roughness’ increases flood risk). Finding options to control dense shrub layers consisting of invasive alien species is therefore of high priority for
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During listerial invasion of host cells, these membrane defects can disrupt phagosome membranes, allowing bacteria to escape into the cytosol and rapidly multiply. The activity of listeriolysin O is profoundly dependent on the amount and accessibility of cholesterol in the lipid membrane, which can be modulated by the phospholipase PlcB. All these prominent features of listeriolysin O play a role during
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Metabolites have recently been found to be involved in significant biological regulation and changes. Itaconate, an important intermediate metabolite isolated from the tricarboxylic acid cycle, is derived from cis-aconitate decarboxylation mediated by immune response gene 1 in mitochondrial matrix. Itaconate has emerged as a key autocrine regulatory component involved in the development and progression of inf
PowerJensen6834
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Background Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) face significant challenges to deal with everyday activities due to underlying motor proficiency difficulties. These challenges affect children and young people’s participation; that is, involvement in daily life situations. Recent years have seen a growing body of qualitative research examining children’s experiences of living with DCD. Meta-ethnograp
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© 2020 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.INTRODUCTION We previously reported an antibody MIF-220 that recognizes a specific structure induced on the surface of thrombin-activated E-domain of one fibrin molecule bound with the D-domains of other fibrinogen/fibrin molecules. Utilizing MIF-220, we produced a test kit for cross-linked fibrin degradation products (XDP), LPIA-GENESIS D-dimer (LG-DD), and evaluated basic performa
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Patient recruitment and retention continue to present challenges in conducting clinical trials. The objectives of the study were to benchmark patient recruitment and retention practices across recent global clinical trials from a working group of biopharmaceutical companies and to re-visit the results from an earlier study published 7 years ago. The data collection focused on patient and
BennetsenDavies1146
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PO1MO, and CSF levels of only CRP increased between the two time points. Our identification of potential promising plasma markers of inflammation in the CNS may facilitate the early identification of patients at greatest risk for neuroinflammation and its associated adverse cognitive outcomes.
In this elective surgical sample of older adults, BBB integrity was similar between baseline and
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Due to increasingly improved disability outcomes, and the resultant significantly improved life span, of the multiple sclerosis (MS) population, questions regarding cognitive aging and the prevalence of comorbid Alzheimer disease (AD) have emerged. We describe neuropsychological and MRI-based changes that occurred in an 84-year-old MS patient with comorbid amnestic mild cognitive impairment (a precursor to AD) and
BuhlBredahl5526
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It is demonstrated to produce well-localized orthogonal and non-orthogonal orbitals with the Berghold and Pipek–Mezey localization functions for a variety of molecules and periodic materials including large systems with nontrivial bonding.The anomeric aminooxy GM3 trisaccharide cancer antigen (Neu5Acα2,3Galβ1,4Glcβ-ONH2) has been chemically synthesized using a linear glycosylation approach. The key step involves a
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In the current dynamic society, understanding the essence of keyword is crucial for different purposes. Whether you are searching to apply this concept in your everyday routine or explore its applicability in a work environment, a thorough understanding should not be dismissed.
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ndheld laparoscopic manipulator demonstrates the capability of the CRCJ for steerable medical devices. However, design improvements based on FEA and application-orientated prototypes considering anatomical requirements still show room for improvements.Transgender patients on masculinizing and feminizing hormonal therapy undergo myriad physical and psychologic changes. Dermatologists are uniquely qualified to guid
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In today’s fast-paced business environment, effective task delegation plays a crucial role in enhancing workflow. Understanding the skill of delegating can not only enhance team output but also motivate employees by fostering a sense of responsibility. In Iconic landmarks to visit , we explore the importance of task distribution and how perfect it.
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Injection of SCAP BDNF-PAMs at the lesion site improved rat BBB scoring, reduced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and increased the expression of βIII tubulin, GAP43, and 5-HT. These results confirm the suitability and versatility of PAMs as combined drug and cell delivery system for regenerative medicine applications but also that BDNF-PAMs potentialize the very promising therapeutic potential of SCAP in
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In image evaluation, the extrusion distance decreased significantly from 4.8 ± 0.7mm before surgery to 2.7 ± 0.3mm 2years after surgery (p < 0.05). The MME ratio was significantly improved from 40.2 ± 7.0% before surgery to 22.6 ± 3.6% after surgery (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in HKA angle at 2years after surgery (p = 0.13).
The arthroscopic centralization for
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Co-constructive patient simulation provides an alternative multistage and multimodal approach to traditional SP simulation sessions that can adapt iteratively and in real time to new clinical vicissitudes and challenges This learner-centered model holds promise to enrich simulation-based education by fostering autonomous, meaningful, and relevant experiences that are in alignment with trainees’ self-identifie
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Viruses are known for their extremely compact genomes composed almost entirely of protein-coding genes. Nonetheless, four long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are encoded by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). Although these RNAs accumulate to high levels during lytic infection, their functions remain largely unknown. Here, we show that HCMV-encoded lncRNA4.9 localizes to the viral nuclear replication compartment, and that its deple
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esults from a nationwide database imply that acute SAH should be treated by a skilled neurosurgeon with adequate facilities in a high-volume hospital.
Prevalent vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and low bone mineral density (BMD) have led to vitamin D supplementation for children with cancer, regardless vitamin D status. However, it remains unsettled whether this enhances bone strength. We sough
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No DLTs occurred, and MTD was DL 2. Most common toxicities with TVEC were fever (
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75-8.25] vs naive rats 17.5 [15.5-18]), 2 (median, interquartile 13 [11.25-13.25],
< 0.001 vs naive rats 17 [17-18],
= 0.001), and 3 (median, interquartile 14.5 [13.5-16] vs naive rats 17 [15.75-18],
< 0.02). Surgery promoted a significant increase in the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, but it reduced levels of interleukin-12p70 and macroph
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increase well-being among COVID-19 patients.
Religiosity and hope play a mediating role in the relationship between stigma associated with COVID-19 and psychological well-being. These results indicate several strategies to reduce the adverse effects of the stigma associated with COVID-19 and increase well-being among COVID-19 patients.
Physical therapy with whole body vibration (WBV) followi
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The enhanced immunomodulatory properties of BMSCs grown on NTPS-Ti depended on a ROCK-medicated cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) pathway to increase prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, as evidenced by decreased production of PGE2 and concurrent inhibition of immunomodulatory properties after treatment with ROCK or COX2 inhibitors. In vivo evaluation showed that the NTPS-Ti implant resulted in
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