Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
47,097 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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According to the preparation principle of standard decoction of Chinese herbal medicines, fourteen batches of fried Vaccariae Semen decoction were prepared in this study and the quality research was carried out to establish a quality evaluation method for the standard decoction of fried Vaccariae Semen. The contents of vaccarin were determined, and its transfer rate from decoction piece to standard decoction was calculated
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Based on growing evidence that breast cancer (BRCA) also plays a pivotal role in the regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism and the response to anti-oxidative stress, we examined the influence of regular exercise in human BRCA mutation carriers on their BRCA1 gene/protein expression and inflammatory/oxidative response. Sixteen BRCA-mutation carriers were assigned to an intervention (IG) or control group (
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Our accessible methods and pipelines demonstrate that approaches across multiple neuroimaging experiments can be standardized and applied to diverse datasets. The techniques developed are demonstrated on neuroimaging datasets but may be applied to similar problems in other domains.
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Hyponatraemia is a common problem in patients with heart failure. It can be difficult to treat, especially in the presence of the patient’s needs for diuresis and manipulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).
This concerns a 74-year-old woman with follicular lymphoma and severe global left ventricular systolic dysfunction secondary to treatment with R-CHO
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Ride-hailing services, which have become increasingly prevalent in the last decade, provide an efficient travel mode by matching drivers and travelers via smartphone apps. Ride-hailing services enable millions of non-traditional taxi drivers to provide travel services, but may also raise safety concerns due to heterogeneity in the driver population. This study evaluated crash risk factors for ri
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74 1.22 2.02 ; P = .4), anastomotic leak (CACPR 1.6%, non-CACPR 2.0%; weighted OR = 0.54 1.02 1.93 ; P > .9), or median length of hospital stay (CACPR 8 days, non-CACPR 9 days; P = .6) for recipients of CACPR vs non-CACPR donors. Our findings suggest that CACPR donors could be used to expand the SPK donor pool without compromising short- or long-term outcomes
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Mesh fixationby sutures to fascia versus other mesh fixation led to significantly more pain at 36months postoperatively (32.8% vs 15.7%, p = 0.025).
At long-term follow-up, no difference in pain was identified between open and laparoscopic incisional hernia repair. Mesh fixationby sutures to fascia was identified to be associated with increased pain 36months after surgery. Omitting mesh
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Wood stoves are a great focal feature for any room. They bring warmth and comfort to the room. They are also carbon neutral and can be obtained from dead trees or waste wood purchased from timber traders.
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Histopathological analysis, cellular uptake, cytotoxicity assay, and apoptosis experiments indicated that Au @PDA-PEG-MTX NPs possessed a good therapeutic effect with high biocompatibility and fewer side effects. This Au NPs drug-loading system achieved specific targeting of MTX to BC cells by surface functionalisation, fluorescence imaging under laser irradiation, combined photothermal-chemotherapy, and pH- and NIR-
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Since the abilities of CIPA patients to perceive taste and smell were not basically impaired, despite their lower sensitivity to capsaicin, it was suggested that their dietary habits were only minimally affected, except for intake of pungent foods.
To establish a digital assessment method for changes in gingiva morphology following initial periodontal therapy.
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Palm oil/olein (PO/POL) is used in infant formulas to imitate the fatty acid profile of human milk (HM) and achieve similar levels of palmitic acid (PA). However, the positions of fatty acids on the triacylglyceride differ between PO/POL and HM, which affect fat absorption and produce unintended physiological consequences. Recent papers have reviewed evidence for physiological benefits of PO/POL and beta-palmitat
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Ovens and Hobs in the UK
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Differential expression analyses provide powerful tools for the identification of genes playing a role in disease pathogenesis. Yet, such approaches are usually restricted by the high variation in expression profiles when primary specimens are analyzed. It is conceivable that with the assessment of the degree of coordination in gene expression as opposed to the magnitude of differential expression, we may obtain hints un
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At 38 days of age, GS and live body weight of 179 birds was recorded. Each bird
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Although some studies have reported the potential efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in the treatment of acute mania, there is no consensus on the matter. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to determine the efficacy and safety of ECT combination with medication (ECT-combo) vs. medication alone (Med-alone) in the treatment of acute mania. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of ECT-combo
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C2 was more occupied by synovial fibroblasts of destructive phenotype and carried highly expressed key effector molecules of invasion and osteoclastogenesis. CXCR2, JAK3, FYN and LYN were identified as key driver genes in C1 and C3. HDAC, JUN, NFKB1, TNF and TP53 were key regulators modulating fibroblast aggressiveness in C2.
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Platelet sequestration patterns may be useful in the clinical decision-making regarding splenectomy.Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a common treatment for men with systemic prostate cancer. However, ADT leads to sexual dysfunction, causing >80 % of couples to cease sexual activity completely. Here, we use a biopsychosocial framework to review factors that may influence the ability of patients on ADT to remain sex
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Additionally, overcontrol was associated with reduced neural response to errors versus correct responses in the bilateral dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and insula, even when controlling for anxiety symptoms. Overcontrol may serve as an underlying mechanism associated with clinical pediatric anxiety that demonstrates significant associations with aberrant neural error responding. Overcontrol may be an un
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Mesenteric cysts are uncommon benign tumors with atypical clinical presentations. An acute presentation may not necessarily warrant emergency surgery, and planned surgery can achieve excellent results if the patient is hemodynamically stable at presentation.This investigation facilitates a better understanding of inhibitor development, the critical treatment morbidity in HA patients. Furthermore, six novel m
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