Like I’ve mentioned in a few of my previous posts, this pandemic has brought on a lot of changes for everyone– but there is variation in how COVID-19 has impacted different groups of people. The experience of racial and ethnic minorities during this pandemic has been very different from other groups and is reflective of health outcomes that often exist for minorities in the U.S.
COVID-19
In New York City, the death rates for Black/African American individuals is much higher due to the virus, than it is for other racial/ethnic groups (1). The chart below shows the disproportionality of the effects of COVID on the population of African American individuals in a few states. 
Compared to the total state population, the majority of patients affected by COVID are African American (2).
These disparities exist not only during this pandemic, but in healthcare in general:
Reasons for the Disparity
People who belong to racial or ethnic minority groups experience the health care system differently than others– many of the existing disparities in society lead to poorer health outcomes, as well as greater vulnerability to viruses and other illnesses. Many minority groups live in heavily populated areas or live in households with multiple generations, where social distancing might not be possible (1). Many work hourly, so health benefits are not part of the package and health services become difficult to access (2). There is also a much higher population of racial and ethnic minorities in jails, prisons, etc. which are again, places that increase the risk of spread of viruses and other illnesses (1).
Also, because of the social distancing measures that have to be taken because of the pandemic, there has been a decrease in quality of care for patients who don’t speak English (4). Before, interpreters/translators could be present in person during a patient’s visit, which makes it much easier to translate and understand the patient’s concerns and symptoms. Now, a lot of interpreters have to work over the phone and it’s possible that a lot of information is getting lost in translation because it’s just harder to have a conversation and understand each other that way.
While the pandemic has affected everyone in one way or another, it has not affected everyone equally. The social determinants of health that I talked about in my first blog, in addition to factors such as racism, geographic location, and poverty, play a large part in deciding how an individual is affected. Unfortunately, the same level and quality of healthcare are not available to every person. Moving towards a system that addresses these disparities and provides excellent health care to each patient will involve first resolving the inequalities that exist in health care delivery in general and access to healthier food, exercise, etc. Additionally, training healthcare providers to better understand cultural differences and barriers to care could improve health outcomes for minority groups (3).
494,585 thoughts on “Impact of COVID on Racial & Ethnic Minorities”
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A total of 36 (26%) of the sampled chiropractic websites in Denmark mentioned diagnoses or symptoms of non-musculoskeletal origin on their websites without presenting an adequate clarifying explanation in agreement with the chiropractic scope of practice as defined by the Danish Authorisation Act. This could be misleading for patients seeking care for non-musculoskeletal conditions and consequently lead to inappropriate t
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Future trials should consider 1) Potential harms posed by the intervention 2) How to define serious AEs 3) What are expected AEs. Further research to achieve consensus on AE recording is required, including identification of core adverse outcomes in clinical areas or caused by interventions.
Monitoring and recording AEs in behavioral intervention trials was variable and freq
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monocytogenes FSL – X1-0001 (strain 10403S), S. aureus L1 – 0030 and E. coli O157 H7. Further studies, including de novo sequencing of peptides by mass spectrometry, are in progress.BACKGROUND Deficiency of vitamin D, an anti-inflammatory micronutrient with some favorable effects on lipid profiles, has been found to be highly prevalent in adolescents. We aimed to investigate the effect of a school-based vitamin D supplement
McClureRyan4422
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In the heart of Indian culture and spirituality, the enchanting figure of little Krishna holds a special place. Known for his playful nature and divine charm, images of little Krishna resonate with joy and love, captivating the hearts of devotees and art lovers alike. From his mischievous childhood antics to his serene moments of devotion, every representation tells a unique story, inviting us into a world where the divin
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The identification of confiscated commercial and military explosives is a crucial step not only in the uncovering of distribution pathways, but it also aids investigating officers in criminal casework. Even though commercial and military explosives mainly rely on a small number of high-energy compounds, a great variety of additives and synthesis by-products can be found that can differ depending on the brand, manuf
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26) and 2.16 (1.08-4.30), respectively. In sigmoidoscopy participants, current smoking was associated with proximal AL; 4.58 (2.24-9.38), and current smoking and obesity were associated with referral for colonoscopy; 2.80 (2.02-3.89) and 1.42 (1.01-2.00), respectively.
Current smoking, obesity and high alcohol intake were associated with screen-detected proximal color
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Two measures pertained to patient education and five to diagnosis, including discussing treatment options with risk and benefits and using the most recent version of the Chicago Classification to define achalasia phenotypes, respectively. Other indicators pertained to treatment options, such as the use of botulinum toxin for those not considered surgical candidates and management of reflux following achalas
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An emergency is a serious, unexpected situation which may lead to injury, loss of life and damage to property and often needs urgent interventions. Emergency calls can bring urgent life-saving intervention in such situations. Although access to emergency lines for all persons of a society is one of the effectiveness indexes of this critical service, in most countries, these lines are not accessible for disabled people.
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There is limited research examining the inclusion of autistic people in their local communities. This paper reports on two Australian studies which explored this gap, focusing on both autistic people’s experiences and non-autistic people’s attitudes towards autistic individuals. Study One was conducted with primarily non-autistic people (n = 2,383), and Study Two with primarily parents and carers of auti
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In the modern world, effective communication is a vital ability that improves personal and workplace relationships. Whether conveying ideas at work or connecting with friends and family, grasping the craft of communication can lead to positive results in multiple domains of life.
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Dioxin like-PCBs (median 3.48 ng/g) was about two times higher than the total indicator-PCB (median 1.63 ng/g). High p,p-DDT/p,p-DDE ratio (median 2.89) suggested fresh application and minimal degradation of DDT in the local environment of Kopawa. While lower α-/γ-HCH ratio (median 0.75) indicated lindane contamination as the primary sources of HCH. Moreover, the lo
EwingSingh5471
Rapamycin
migrant status.Children in rural areas receive more medical care than children in urban areas.There should me more allergy tests among children with medical diagnosis in Bavaria as low rates indicate gaps in care.We investigated the effects of melatonin (Mlt) on hematological characteristics to determine the percentage of alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) positive lymphocytes in rats chronically exposed to cadmium
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สล็อตเล่นฟรีทุกค่ายดัง อุตสาหกรรมคาสิโนออนไลน์เติบโตอย่างยิ่งในตอนหลายปีมาแล้ว และก็เว็บสล็อตก็ไม่มีข้อละเว้น ตามความเป็นจริง เว็บพวกนี้ได้เปลี่ยนเป็นหนึ่งในภาคส่วนที่ทำเงินได้มากที่สุดในโลกการเดิมพันออนไลน์ สล็อตค่ายใหญ่ที่สุด อย่างเร็ว ด้วยความเจริญก้าวหน้าด้านเทคโนโลยี เว็บสล็อตยุคสมัยใหม่ก็เลยเสนอกราฟิคที่ดียิ่งขึ้น เสียงประสิทธิภาพสูง แล้วก็การเล่นเกมที่ราบสดชื่น ซึ่งเลี ์การเล่นในคาสิโนจริ นอกเหนือจากนั้น เว็บพวกน
PereiraCormier9784
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However, blocking CB1R selectively increased GABAergic gIPSCs, supporting a role for endocannabinoid signaling in the regulation of glutamate-evoked GABAergic inhibitory feedback to OFF BCs. Conclusions CB1R activation shape types 2, 3a, and 3b OFF BC responses by selectively regulate GABAergic feedback inhibition at their axon terminals, thus cannabinoid signaling might play an important role in the fine-tuning of vi
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Semiconductor nanoplatelets exhibit spectrally pure, directional fluorescence. To make polarized light emission accessible and the charge transport effective, nanoplatelets have to be collectively oriented in the solid state. We discovered that the collective nanoplatelets orientation in monolayers can be controlled kinetically by exploiting the solvent evaporation rate in self-assembly at liquid interface
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The use of eltrombopag was associated with an overall decrease in the total weekly care costs (5021 vs 2,524 CA$; P = 0.04). Thus, Eltrombopag is an efficacious and possibly cost-effective therapy for thrombocytopenia and PGF after allogeneic HCT.Two randomised trials (ASTIS, SCOT) of Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (AHSCT) versus monthly Cyclophosphamide for severe Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) patients u
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and MRSA in immunocompromised patients. Few instances tend to be reported so limited information is open to comprehend full disease ramifications. Mucormycosis is a therapeutic challenge due to the phylogenetic diversity, un-availability of any serological assessment and invasive disease pattern
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They were obtained from French and Belgian tissue banks. They were used for the reconstruction of 39 ACLs and 11 collateral ligaments. The IKDC score and KOOS were determined in all patients. Laximetry was performed in 31 patients by an independent examiner.
Mean follow-up was 3.5 years. Arthroscopic release was required in one patient, and 2 patients experienced re-tears. No deep surgic
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A methodology that applies hyperspectral imaging (HSI) on ophthalmoscope images to identify diabetic retinopathy (DR) stage is demonstrated. First, an algorithm for HSI image analysis is applied to the average reflectance spectra of simulated arteries and veins in ophthalmoscope images. Second, the average simulated spectra are categorized by using a principal component analysis (PCA) score plot. Third, Beer-Lambert law is a
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4±2.2h. For the patient requiring CVVH, clearance and t
were 22.5mL/min and 9.5h, respectively. Mean levetiracetam CL during SLED performed at a blood flow rate of 250mL/min and a dialysate flow rate of 100mL/min was 74.0±25.3mL/min and t
was 4.8±2.3h.
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The cross-link yield is dependent on the 1O2 concentration, the presence of the original protein disulfide bond, and the free Cys on GAPDH. MS with 18O-labeling has allowed identification of the residues involved in some cases (e.g. Cys25 from the Cys25-Cys80 disulfide in beta-2-microglobulin, with Cys149 or Cys244 of GAPDH). The formation of these cross-links results in a loss of GAPDH enzymatic activity. Th
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Our novel results demonstrated that IM was most effective in normalising TAGCM balance, ankle DF range of motion, and TA muscle strength during deep squatting in adults with limited ankle DF.
Our novel results demonstrated that IM was most effective in normalising TAGCM balance, ankle DF range of motion, and TA muscle strength during deep squatti
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To review the current clinical studies regarding the accuracy of implant computer-guided surgery in partially edentulous patients and investigate potential influencing factors.
Electronic searches on the PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases, and subsequent manual searches were performed. Two reviewers selected the studies following our inclus
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Additional biophysical and biochemical parameters were collected to demonstrate appropriate pregnancy development. In this study Doppler waveform analysis of fetal intracranial vasculature demonstrated an elevated blood flow impedance, showing a significant correlation of carotid Doppler indices with gestational age. Results were comparable to human fetal trends for the middle cerebral artery (MCA) from mid gestation to ter
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Purpose In this double-blind randomized trial, we aimed to compare the postoperative pain, complications, and length of hospital stay in patients undergoing open hemorrhoidectomy under spinal anesthesia with or without the pudendal nerve block. Methods Patients undergoing Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy under spinal anesthesia were randomized to undergo a pudendal nerve block or no intervention. Postoperati
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Guidelines and pathways exist to help frontline providers evaluate injured children for suspected child abuse. Little, however, is known about whether the decision-making resulting from these interventions is correct. Therefore, in the absence of an available gold-standard test, we used experts’ judgments to examine the appropriateness of these clinical decisions. We evaluated community emergency department (ED)
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Importance The association and interaction of host characteristics with prognosis in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are poorly understood. There is increasing evidence that host characteristics are associated with treatment outcomes of many cancers. Objectives To examine the host factors associated with prognosis in patients with OSCC and their interactions to create a numerical index that quantifi
WaughCobb8314
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Uterine anomalies are often identified during pregnancy, during infertility evaluation or pregnancy miscarriage and have been associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Although some studies have documented the rare occurrence of spontaneous twin pregnancy in each horn of a bicornuate uterus, this is the first time this is being documented in Kenya, to the best of our knowledge. This is a rare
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The Future of Driving: Taking Your Driver’s License Test Online
In the last few years, the introduction of digital innovation has changed numerous aspects of our everyday lives, consisting of how we approach the process of getting a driver’s license. With online platforms now providing driver’s license tests, striving chauffeurs have an innovative new method
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This study revealed that our approach can greatly reduce the ICH diagnosis time in an actual emergency situation with a fairly good diagnostic performance.Many plant genera in the tropical West Pacific are survivors from the paleo-rainforests of Gondwana. For example, the oldest fossils of the Malesian and Australasian conifer Agathis (Araucariaceae) come from the early Paleocene and possibly latest Cretaceous of Patagonia, Arg
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Considering the population density, healthcare capacity, limited resources and existing poverty, environmental factors, social structure, cultural norms, and already more than 18,863 people infected, the community transmission of COVID-19 is happening fast. These exacerbated a complex fear among the public. The aim of this article is, therefore, to understand the public perception of socioeconomic crisis and human
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The aim of this research was to identify factors that facilitated successful completion of a prelicensure registered nursing program for African American men.
Successful completion of prelicensure nursing programs by African American men can increase diversity in the nursing profession. Further investigation is needed to understand the factors that can lead to succ
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Background Chronic hypertension (CH) and high arterial stiffness (AS) increase the risk of complications during pregnancy, such as superimposed preeclampsia and low fetal growth. Objective To evaluate the impact of hydrotherapy, a non-pharmacological treatment strategy, on AS in pregnant women with CH. Methods Cross-sectional study evaluating the effect of a standardized hydrotherapy session on AS in pregnant
AdamsBrandstrup4381
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Trained agility dogs approached a prosocial actor significantly more often than an antisocial actor, while untrained pet dogs showed no preference for either actor. These differences across dogs with different training histories suggest that while dogs may demonstrate preferences for prosocial others in some contexts, their social evaluation abilities are less flexible and less robust compared to those of humans.Differen
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The enteric nervous system plays a critical role in the regulation of gastrointestinal tract functions and is often referred to as the ‘second brain’ because it shares many features with the central nervous system. These similarities include among others a large panel of neurotransmitters, a large population of glial cells and a susceptibility to neurodegeneration. This close homology between the central and enteric nervous
KaasMcDonald3693
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Tilapia piscidin (TP) 4 is an antimicrobial peptide derived from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), which shows broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and excellent cancer-killing ability in vitro and in vivo. Like many other antimicrobial peptides, TP4 treatment causes mitochondrial toxicity in cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying TP4 targeting of mitochondria remain unclear
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At 10 hours post infection, mice were euthanized, and eyes were harvested using sterile surgical tweezers and placed into a tube containing 400 µL sterile PBS and 1 mm sterile glass beads. For ELISAs or myeloperoxidase assays, proteinase inhibitor was added to the tubes. For RNA extraction, the appropriate lysis buffer was added. Eyes were homogenized in a tissue homogenizer for 1-2 minutes. Homog
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JohanssonZachariassen3539
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Necrodes littoralis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera Silphidae) is recognized as an important forensically beetle species. In this study, we report the mitogenome of N. littoralis. The total length of the mitogenome was 17,830bp (GenBank accession no. MW415274). Two ribosomal RNAs, 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNAs and a non-coding control region were identified. The base composition of N. littoralis was A (39.27%), G (
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Electric Fireplaces – A Safe and Efficient Heater
Picture cuddling up with a book or drinking a warm beverage next to flickering flames. An electric fireplace offers the relaxing atmosphere of standard fires without the smoke or stimulates that can cause home fires.
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At the same time, the role of death in long-term survivorship reflects back on the magnitude of the initial existential and moral upheaval triggered by the cancer diagnosis. Understanding the role of death in long-term survivorship can positively inform the field of cancer rehabilitation and long-term survivor care.The growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system is integ
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This cross-sectional study investigated the association of physical and social anhedonia with suicidality in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), schizophrenia, and in non-psychiatric controls.
All participants completed the revised Physical Anhedonia Scale (RPAS) and the revised Social Anhedonia Scale (RSAS) and were subdivided according to positive life-time suicide atte
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